20 objective-type questions with answers on the external structure and parts of a leaf:

 20 objective-type questions with answers on the external structure and parts of a leaf:

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. The broad, flat part of the leaf is called the _____.
   a) Petiole
   b) Lamina
   c) Midrib
   d) Stomata
   Ans: b) Lamina

2. The part of the leaf that connects it to the stem is the _____.
   a) Vein
   b) Midrib
   c) Petiole
   d) Leaf blade
   Ans: c) Petiole

3. The main vein that runs through the center of the leaf is called the _____.
   a) Midrib
   b) Stomata
   c) Petiole
   d) Margin
   Ans: a) Midrib

4. The tiny openings on the surface of a leaf that help in gas exchange are called _____.
   a) Guard cells
   b) Veins
   c) Stomata
   d) Midrib
   Ans: c) Stomata

5. The edges of a leaf are called the _____.
   a) Apex
   b) Margin
   c) Midrib
   d) Petiole
   Ans: b) Margin

6. The tip of the leaf is known as the _____.
   a) Base
   b) Apex
   c) Margin
   d) Petiole
   Ans: b) Apex

7. The arrangement of veins in a leaf is called _____.
   a) Leaf blade
   b) Venation
   c) Photosynthesis
   d) Transpiration
   Ans: b) Venation

8. The two main types of venation are _____.
   a) Parallel and Reticulate
   b) Broad and Narrow
   c) Thick and Thin
   d) None of the above
   Ans: a) Parallel and Reticulate

9. Monocot leaves usually have ____ venation.
   a) Reticulate
   b) Parallel
   c) Spiral
   d) None of the above
   Ans: b) Parallel

10. Dicot leaves usually have ____ venation.
    a) Parallel
    b) Circular
    c) Reticulate
    d) None of the above
    Ans: c) Reticulate

11. Which part of the leaf carries water and nutrients?
    a) Stomata
    b) Veins
    c) Cuticle
    d) Guard cells
    Ans: b) Veins

12. The waxy layer that protects the leaf from water loss is called _____.
    a) Epidermis
    b) Cuticle
    c) Guard cells
    d) Midrib
    Ans: b) Cuticle

13. The leaf structure that controls the opening and closing of stomata is _____.
    a) Guard cells
    b) Midrib
    c) Veins
    d) Petiole
    Ans: a) Guard cells

14. The outermost layer of cells on a leaf is called the _____.
    a) Epidermis
    b) Xylem
    c) Phloem
    d) Cuticle
    Ans: a) Epidermis

15. Which part of the leaf helps in photosynthesis?
    a) Stomata
    b) Midrib
    c) Chloroplasts
    d) Petiole
    Ans: c) Chloroplasts

16. What is the function of stomata?
    a) Absorb water
    b) Exchange gases
    c) Store food
    d) Transport minerals
    Ans: b) Exchange gases

17. The green pigment in leaves that helps in photosynthesis is called _____.
    a) Xylem
    b) Phloem
    c) Chlorophyll
    d) Guard cells
    Ans: c) Chlorophyll

18. The process of loss of water from the leaf surface is called _____.
    a) Photosynthesis
    b) Transpiration
    c) Respiration
    d) Germination
    Ans: b) Transpiration

19. Which of the following is NOT a part of the leaf structure?
    a) Stomata
    b) Petiole
    c) Lamina
    d) Root hairs
    Ans: d) Root hairs

20. What type of leaf margin has smooth edges?
    a) Serrated
    b) Entire
    c) Lobed
    d) Wavy
    Ans: b) Entire

Here are 20 True/False questions on the external structure and parts of a leaf:

1. The broad, flat part of a leaf is called the petiole. (False)

2. The midrib is the main vein that runs through the center of the leaf. (True)

3. The petiole connects the leaf to the stem. (True)

4. Stomata are tiny openings on the leaf surface that help in gas exchange. (True)

5. The apex is the base of the leaf. (False)

6. The arrangement of veins in a leaf is called venation. (True)

7. Monocot leaves have reticulate venation. (False)

8. Dicot leaves have parallel venation. (False)

9. The veins in a leaf help in transporting water and nutrients. (True)

10. The cuticle is a waxy layer that prevents excessive water loss. (True)

11. The epidermis is the outermost layer of cells on a leaf. (True)

12. Guard cells control the opening and closing of stomata. (True)

13. Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, which helps in photosynthesis. (True)

14. Transpiration is the process of water absorption by roots. (False)

15. Stomata are present only on the upper surface of a leaf. (False)

16. The margin of a leaf refers to its edges. (True)

17. Photosynthesis takes place in the petiole of the leaf. (False)

18. The process of making food in plants is called respiration. (False)

19. A compound leaf has multiple leaflets attached to a single petiole. (True)

20. The function of a leaf is to prepare food through photosynthesis. (True)

Here are 20 Fill in the Blanks questions on the external structure and parts of a leaf:

1. The broad, flat part of a leaf is called the ______. (Lamina)

2. The ______ connects the leaf to the stem. (Petiole)

3. The central vein of a leaf is known as the ______. (Midrib)

4. The tiny openings on the surface of a leaf that help in gas exchange are called ______. (Stomata)

5. The edges of a leaf are called the ______. (Margin)

6. The tip of a leaf is known as the ______. (Apex)

7. The arrangement of veins in a leaf is called ______. (Venation)

8. The two main types of venation are ______ and ______. (Parallel, Reticulate)

9. Monocot leaves have ______ venation. (Parallel)

10. Dicot leaves have ______ venation. (Reticulate)

11. The structure that carries water and nutrients in a leaf is called ______. (Veins)

12. The waxy layer that prevents water loss from the leaf is the ______. (Cuticle)

13. The green pigment in leaves responsible for photosynthesis is ______. (Chlorophyll)

14. The outermost layer of a leaf is called the ______. (Epidermis)

15. The process of water loss through leaves is called ______. (Transpiration)

16. The cells that control the opening and closing of stomata are called ______. (Guard cells)

17. The process by which leaves prepare food using sunlight is called ______. (Photosynthesis)

18. The food prepared by leaves is stored in the form of ______. (Starch)

19. A leaf with multiple leaflets attached to a single petiole is called a ______ leaf. (Compound)

20. The main function of leaves is to ______ food for the plant. (Prepare/Make)

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Here are 20 short answer-type questions on the external structure and parts of a leaf:

1. What is the broad, flat part of a leaf called?

   • Lamina (Leaf blade).

2. What is the function of the petiole?

   • It connects the leaf to the stem and supports the leaf.

3. What is the main vein in the middle of a leaf called?

   • Midrib.

4. What is the function of stomata?

   • Stomata help in gas exchange and transpiration.

5. What are guard cells?

   • Guard cells are specialized cells that control the opening and closing of stomata.

6. What is venation?

   • Venation is the arrangement of veins in a leaf.

7. Name the two types of venation.

   • Parallel venation and Reticulate venation.

8. Which type of plants have parallel venation?

   • Monocot plants (e.g., grass, banana).

9. Which type of plants have reticulate venation?

   • Dicot plants (e.g., mango, rose).

10. What is the function of veins in a leaf?

    • Veins transport water, nutrients, and food throughout the leaf.

11. What is the purpose of the cuticle on a leaf?

    • The cuticle is a waxy layer that prevents water loss.

12. What is the tip of a leaf called?

    • Apex.

13. What is the margin of a leaf?

    • The margin is the edge or border of a leaf.

14. What is the function of chlorophyll in a leaf?

    • Chlorophyll helps in photosynthesis by absorbing sunlight.

15. What is transpiration?

    • Transpiration is the process of water loss from leaves through stomata.

16. What is the outermost layer of a leaf called?

    • Epidermis.

17. What is a compound leaf?

    • A leaf that has multiple leaflets attached to a single petiole.

18. What do leaves produce during photosynthesis?

    • Oxygen and glucose (food).

19. Why do some leaves have serrated or lobed margins?

    • To reduce water loss and help in better air circulation.

20. What is the main function of a leaf?

    • To prepare food for the plant through photosynthesis.

    • Section A: Objective Questions (1 mark each)

      (Answer all questions)

      1. What is the primary function of leaves?

      2. Name the green pigment present in leaves that helps in photosynthesis.

      3. What is the main function of roots?

      4. Name the two types of root systems.

      5. What is transpiration?

      6. Which part of the leaf allows gas exchange?

      7. Name any two modifications of roots.

      8. What are adventitious roots?

      9. Define venation.

      10. Name one example of a plant with a taproot system.

      ---

      Section B: Short Answer Questions (2 marks each)

      (Answer any five questions)
      11. Differentiate between taproot and fibrous root systems. 12. Explain any two functions of leaves. 13. What is the significance of root hairs in plants? 14. Describe the process of photosynthesis briefly. 15. What are the functions of stomata? 16. Explain how roots help in the absorption of water and minerals.

      ---

      Section C: Long Answer Questions (5 marks each)

      (Answer any one question)
      17. Draw and label the structure of a typical leaf and explain its functions. 18. Describe different types of root modifications with examples.

      ---

      Answer Key

      Section A: Objective Questions

      1. Photosynthesis and gas exchange.

      2. Chlorophyll.

      3. Absorption of water and minerals.

      4. Taproot system and fibrous root system.

      5. The process of water loss from leaves in the form of water vapor.

      6. Stomata.

      7. Prop roots (e.g., Banyan), Storage roots (e.g., Carrot).

      8. Roots that arise from parts other than the radicle.

      9. The arrangement of veins in a leaf.

      10. Mango tree.

      Section B: Short Answer Questions

      11. Taproot System - Single main root with lateral branches (e.g., Mango). Fibrous Root System - Cluster of thin roots (e.g., Grass).

      12. Functions: (i) Photosynthesis, (ii) Transpiration.

      13. Root hairs increase the surface area for water and nutrient absorption.

      14. Photosynthesis is the process where green plants use sunlight, CO2, and water to produce glucose and oxygen.

      15. Stomata help in gas exchange and control transpiration.

      16. Root hairs absorb water and minerals from the soil, which are transported to different parts of the plant.

      Section C: Long Answer Questions

      17. A well-labeled diagram should include parts like lamina, petiole, veins, and stomata. Functions include photosynthesis, transpiration, and gas exchange.

      18. Root Modifications: (i) Storage roots (Carrot, Beetroot), (ii) Prop roots (Banyan), (iii) Breathing roots (Mangrove plants), (iv) Climbing roots (Money Plant), (v) Buttress roots (Silk Cotton tree).